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How this calculator works
It starts from a baseline of 78 years (an example value close to the average of high-income countries) and applies lifestyle adjustments: smoking β10, no exercise β3 / regular +3, poor diet β3 / good +3, heavy drinking β3, poor sleep β2, under/overweight β2 / obese β5. These points are simplified, illustrative values reflecting the general direction found in epidemiological research β they are not precise effect sizes that apply to any individual. In other words, this is an educational model to make tangible the fact that lifestyle influences longevity.