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How is sunrise/sunset calculated?
This calculator uses the solar position formulas published by NOAA (U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration). It computes the sun's declination and the equation of time for the given date, then — using your latitude and longitude — finds the time (relative to solar noon) at which the sun's center crosses 0.833° below the horizon (accounting for atmospheric refraction and the sun's apparent radius) for sunrise/sunset, and 6° below the horizon for civil twilight (dawn/dusk).